The optochemical control of oligonucleotide function has been extended beyond standard RNA and DNA molecules to phosphorothioates, 2' OMe oligonucleotides, and morpholino oligomers. The latter haven been successfully used to light-control gene function in zebrafish and Xenopus embryos. In addition to antisense agents, our nucleobase-caging approach has been applied to the control of microRNA function with antagomirs and gene function with triplex-forming oligonucleotides, DNA decoys, and siRNAs. Caged DNAzymes have enabled the control of biochemical reactions, DNA computation has been optochemical triggered with caged input strands, and the polymerase chain reaction has been regulated with caged primers.